The Virtual Sensei: Using Assisted Reality to Digitalize Gemba Walks

As more and more companies adopt lean management as a system to continuously develop people, leaders are increasingly intent on conducting gemba walks. This means going to the workplace, be it production, engineering, or supply chain - to explore and discover important business challenges - often under the guidance of a sensei. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated social distancing measures and travel restrictions, physical meetings in the workplace have been hampered, especially those involving outsiders. This has since led organizations to consider reducing travels and physical gatherings in general. Therefore, in this paper, we present assisted reality technology as a means of digitalizing gemba walks, allowing managers and executives to benefit from working with external sensei - albeit on a remote basis. We explore the use of RealWear HMT-1 technology as an enabler of the virtual sensei concept, comparing it with the more traditional face-to-face approach to gemba walks and offering insights from multiple interventions between external sensei offsite and local management representatives onsite. The assisted reality approach has been tested both within and across international borders. In general, we find that the digitalization of gemba walks using assisted reality offers multiple benefits over more traditional means. However, there are also several limitations. As such, this work has implications for both research and practice, in that we contribute towards the growing literature on digital lean manufacturing as well as offer practical guidelines for managers and executives embarking on a lean transformation. © 2022 IEEE.

Blended Network Action Learning – A Digital Lean Approach to Solving Complex Organizational Problems Across Space and Time

Network Action Learning has emerged as an innovative development of Action Learning and has been described as a lean approach to collaborative strategic improvement with problem-solving at its core, be it either within- or across organizational boundaries. Virtual Action Learning is also presented as an emergent variety of Action Learning, bringing together geographically dispersed individuals within and across organizations in an online, virtual environment. Given the onset of new, innovative digital technologies – particularly in response of the Covid-19 pandemic – Blended Learning has also emerged as an educational platform that represents some combination of face-to-face and online learning using mobile technologies and cloud-based resources. Though Virtual Action Learning has been discussed as neither better than nor second best to face-to-face Action Learning, in this paper, we suggest that a blended approach may be the most effective method. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to construct a Blended approach to Network Action Learning, where intra- and inter-firm Network Action Learning can take place using a hybrid, physical-virtual approach to promoting collaborative strategic improvement and gemba-based problem-solving. © 2021, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.